Tag Archive for 'Map'

Distortions

An interesting piece – Medusa, 2001, by William Kentridge – that we recently saw here at MassArt, reminding me of map projections and how distorted and often misunderstood the pictures are that we are drawing of our planet.

R visualizations

New Year’s resolution: harvest some knowledge from those colleagues who are digging through R. Apparently it’s not only an excellent tool for number crunching, but also can be used for neat geographic data visualizations.

Visualizing Facebook Friends: Eye Candy in R

Facebook visualization using R

Public transit mock-ups

Ever wanted to know what your local subway map would look like?

The designers at Transit Authority Figures might provide an answer. They did some great work in designing subway maps for small towns without public transportation. One interesting map detail is actually the wording: the station names are well chosen, with good local knowledge, not one of those “funny” naming schemas, and it almost makes you believe you’re viewing a real one.

Cape Cod & The Islands Metropolitan Area

Adventures in Nokia Maps pt. 4: pedestrian navigation

The tricky part of pedestrian navigation is, that it actually involves a lot of refinement work on current base maps in order to provide a good service. Using regular digital road maps, as we know them in Google Maps for instance, is just not possible. Pedestrians need different information. Most maps currently used in navigation devices are made by and for people in cars, moving at 35km/h and faster. As pedestrian you move slower, on other paths and parts of the street, your orientation senses work differently, you notice other landmarks, signs, use short-cuts, cross streets randomly and can make u-turns whenever you want to.

Nokia Maps 3.0 has some enhancements aimed to help pedestrians. I especially found the 3D-like landmark drawings on the map and the continuous reverse geocoding very helpful. I think I already mentioned in an earlier post the very well done cartography, optimized for smaller displays.

Walking directions work in most cases well. Nokia Maps knows the park next to the subway station I often use and shows me the shortest path to it.

Nokia Maps pedestrian navigation

Seems an easy task, but Google Maps, based on TeleAtlas’ road network in that area, shows some fantasy foot paths inside the park and suggests another route circling around.

Google Maps pedestrian navigation

OpenStreetMap shows the real layout of all foot paths in the park and provides good walking directions (by OpenRouteService) too.

Bruno-Kreisky-Park in OpenStreetMap with walking directions

The quality of the returned walking directions depend on the strength of the GPS signal in some cases. If it’s weak, Nokia Maps doesn’t dare to send you out to take a walk on a three lane street full with speeding cars.

Imagine you step out the subway station and ask Nokia Maps for the shortest way walking to your destination. If you’re lucky and the signal is good, Nokia Maps snaps you to the right street and returns good results.

Nokia walking directions

Let’s assume it’s a bad GPS day and your signal is about 10m off, happens quite frequently in urban areas. Nokia snaps you on a 3 car-lane street and suggest you start walking there. Not good.

Nokia walking directions problem

That’s what the situation looks like on the aerial. The subway station was under construction then, but there is an exit next to the containers. Anyways, a pedestrian navigation service should never propose walking on that road.

Aerial

Other services I tried in that area had some problems too. Google Maps sent you on the same road. OpenRouteService basically returned a good walking route, but didn’t know that you had to jump off a 3m wall to reach the nice foot path along the canal.

Filling Gaps on Maps

Stefan Knecht, co-founder and CIO of United Maps, got in touch with me providing information about his company and their products. United Maps works hard on adding more value to existing maps, as we know them on Google Maps or in automotive navigation systems, and create digital maps for humans. Considering the increased popularity of GPS enabled mobile devices and the given potential of pedestrian navigation systems, it seems to be the right thing to do these days.

Over at Vector One and at United Maps‘ website (blog) you’ll find detailed information about their product and vision.

I took the chance and asked Stefan some more questions, see below.

Q: United Maps creates digital maps optimized for pedestrian use, a perfect addition to many mobile mapping applications. Who would United Maps consider as primary target group? Is your focus rather on the white labeled map as data product or are you working on API like services to attract individual developers for instance too?

Stefan: I’d like to reframe “target group” to something more universal like “use group”. At the time being, we concentrate on delivering what we carry in our company name: a unification of maps, attributes and use cases to enable mobile people finding their way and discovering things around them.

So the focus is on comprehensive, nationwide and B2B data products rather than on public APIs and just another mash-up. We’re not mashing-up what’s already out there — we try to drill deeper and possibly beyond what’s easily visible on the web.

Q: The OpenStreetMap foundation is currently working on a new licensing model: ODbL should basically allow OpenStreetMap features and copyrighted map features being held in the same database. Have you considered OSM-integration in United Maps?

Stefan: First of all: OSM does a great job, all kudos to them. The recently completed dataset of Hamburg is incredibly good. I wonder how OSM will perform in “flat world”, outside of larger cities and how OSM will be able to scale into less populated and geek-prone areas.

To answer the question and as far as I can judge from the ongoing debates within the OSM community: the modularity of a dozen CC license types shouldn’t be brought into ODbl. The legal situation already is far too complex – and it doesn’t become easier with just another set of derivative licenses and constraints to consider.

Q: I believe gathering detailed cadastral maps across Europe can easily turn into an exhausting process – different legislations, different mapping traditions and INSPIRE implementation has just started. Do your GIS experts consider other and maybe easier accessible sources, such as vectors derived from commercial EO data, rather than official public data to “fill the gaps” in Europe and push United Maps rollout forward?

Stefan: One of our goals is to match INSPIRE specifications on a base level to enable users of our United Maps gather and aggregate data on top. For other data sources besides federal information: any valuable source that can deliver coverage for a given set of national boundaries is welcome and might be licensed and matched with the data we already have. We’re positively testing options – and expectedly, both data availability and legal constraints change at every administrative border … or any 150 miles in Europe.

Q: Nokia Maps is probably a serious competitor for United Maps. As far as I know Nokia Maps, their approach is to provide landmarks instead of precise building footprints to support orientation or even suggest shortcuts through buildings for pedestrian navigation. Where would you see the main difference to Nokia Maps or what aspect do you think makes United Maps the better choice for pedestrians?

Stefan: It would be impudent to name United Maps as a competitor to Nokia Maps. Nokia Maps is a B2C product and naturally powered by Navteq data. For the time being, United Maps is in a B2B space.

I don’t see that precision of footprints is a real issue: it’s rather the availability and rollout of supplemental data to enhance the usage experience on Nokia Maps. If landmarks are helpful – why not integrate them? I don’t see us producing 3D-mockups for a simple reason: if you’re a human on the move, trying to orientate yourself on the 3-inch-screen isn’t really simplified by 3D-models that you rarely see in entirety in the urban jungle. If 3D-models remain picturesque building hulls they act as visual landmarks. The pedestrian shortcuts through buildings can only be produced with a topologically closed and hence routable network beyond — and this ultimately is, what United Maps does: gather content, attributes and pathways that are relevant for people outside of cars.

Q: You’re partnering with the Technical University of Munich. How important is the scientific input for United Maps? Is United Maps a research project?

Stefan: United Maps draws from the research we commissioned at TUM before we started the company. We repurpose the initial scientific results into a commercial setting and take academic aproaches onto a industrial scale. The scientific input is most valuable and will be perpetuated to specific domains and settings. We’re just developing a multimodal pedestrian routing application that seemlessly routes you back and forth through automotive traffic and mass transit alternatives.

The mother of all Q: Will there be an iPhone version of United Maps?

Stefan: United Maps does better, hyperlocal maps at large. The iPhone and all other smartphone devices will use the web for mapping and possibly web services navigation. If there’s a business case for a tailored iPhone application, we’ll do that in-house or offshore it to a partner. We’ll have Germany ready as comprehensive hyperlocal dataset in April, then Austria and Switzerland — everything beyond is subject to change and upcoming partnerships. And we’re naturally open to partnerships of any extent.

United Maps presentation at the Telematics Munich Show

Second Light

Second Light is a new development of MS research on Microsoft’s multi-touch device Surface. It basically allows to display additional information in some kind of hidden light layer above the Surface screen. That way, extra map layers, like labels, can be shown on top of a base map without covering geographic objects for instance. It seems to be an interesting option for visualizing and exploring geographic content – makes me wonder when we see Virtual Earth demoing on Surface.

The video below gives a quick demo of how Second Light works.

[via rolf generated content]

Update:

The All Points Blog covers Second Light too, along with other new GeoGoodies from Microsoft.

The thing about Georgia

I think the UNEP map below illustrates very well the reasons for some difficulties in finding a solution for the conflict in the Caucasus region:

Major oil pipeline projects

Too many and too big interests, mainly dealing with oil and gas infrastructure, collide in a too small area. [via La Cartoteca]

Walter

… (a computational information design researcher) is playing around with geographic information and creates some really interesting things.

First, a totally low budget weather map by simply analyzing and mapping people’s chats about weather on twitter:

and second, some nice map visualizations, all done with processing:

Twitter Conversations Map

[via Metaportal der Medienpolemik]

The middle of the world

MappariumA fascinating concept: because unhappy with conventional map presentations where every map feature has another distance to the map viewer, the architect Lindsay Churchill turned a globe inside out and put the viewer into the center. The result is the Mapparium, a three-story glass globe, at The Mary Baker Eddy Library in Boston. A must-visit especially for people who like maps and cartography.

The glass surface produces interesting acoustics inside. You can speak to your friend standing at the other end of the room by whispering to the wall, or standing in the center of the globe you’ll hear yourself talking in surround sound. A recommended visit for sound artists and engineers too I’d guess.

The map itself is a historical snapshot of what the world looked like in the nineteen-thirties – Russia is the Soviet Union, Colonies in Africa and Yugoslavia as one country. It’s interesting to see how the political world has changed. Especially at that scale.

The Server-side

More than any marketing leaflet, the Google/ESRI Where 2008 presentation made me curious about the potential of the upcoming ArcGIS Server release.

I find the example shown of the fires in California, where students started locating and pinpointing new fire outbreaks in Google My Maps, very interesting. In the field of spatial planning, stakeholder participation is often a crucial part. Since most projects deal with spatial impacts, using maps and plans is just natural to transport information. Enabling feedback processes directly via easy-to-use map interfaces like Google Maps or Microsoft Virtual Earth could support communication strategies very well I think.

The thing is, our clients, partners and most stakeholders aren’t GIS power users. They are not very familiar with desktop GIS and, for obvious reasons, use map server interfaces only when they are forced to (the “Captive” user base). Anything what helps increasing user experience on interactive maps is just a huge step forward.

Arc2Earth is handy for quick & easy interactive map publishing via Google Maps/Virtual Earth or KML, but the potential of having feedback collected, (geo)processed and instantly returned by a server leaves room for some really great project ideas and use cases.

I guess first I’ll have a look at the GeoServer project and see what I can accomplish with the Open Geo-Stack, before bothering our local ESRI sales people.